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二系法杂交小麦属我国原创性成果,温光敏雄性不育小麦是二系法杂交小麦应用的核心。BS210是本课题组选育的小麦雄性不育材料,2012—2014年通过3个生态区分期播种试验和人工气候箱温光调控试验,研究了BS210的育性转换特性。在不育制种生态区,适期播种条件下,BS210的不育度可达95%~100%,其安全制种播种时期为安徽阜阳9月30日至10月10日、云南丽江9月30日;在可育繁种生态区,晚播条件下,BS210的自交结实率可达70%以上,其安全繁种播种时期为北京海淀11月10日、北京顺义9月30日至11月10日。BS210以温度敏感为主,光照时长对BS210育性影响较小,温度转换敏感期为药隔至单核期。在光照10.0~12.5 h时,其温度转换阈值为10~12?C;在光照14 h时,其温度转换阈值为8~10?C。在短日低温条件下,花粉粒碘染以染败为主,表现为不育;在长日高温条件下,花粉粒碘染为圆形、黑染,表现为可育。通过明确BS210育性转换特性,为指导BS210安全制繁种生态区的选择提供理论依据。
The second-line hybrid wheat is an original achievement of our country, and the temperature-sensitive male sterile wheat is the core of the second-line hybrid wheat. BS210 is the male sterile material of wheat selected by this research group. The fertility conversion characteristics of BS210 were studied through three ecologically distinct sowing tests and thermo-acclimation experiments in 2012-2014. Under the conditions of sterile seed production and suitable sowing conditions, the sterility of BS210 can reach 95% -100%. The safe seeding period is from September 30 to October 10 in Anhui Fuyang and September in Yunnan Lijiang On the 30th, in the fertile and multiplication ecological zone, under the condition of late-sowing, BS210 self-fertility rate can reach more than 70%, its safe breeding time is Beijing Haidian November 10, Beijing Shunyi September 30 to 11 On the 10th. BS210 is mainly temperature-sensitive. The duration of illumination has little effect on the fertility of BS210, and the temperature-sensitive period is from drug to mononuclear phase. The threshold of temperature conversion was 10 ~ 12? C when the light was in the range of 10.0-12.5 h, and the temperature was switched from 8-10? C at 14 h of light irradiation. Under the condition of short day and low temperature, the iodine staining of pollen grains was dominated by streaking, which showed that it was infertile. Under the conditions of long days and high temperature, pollen grains were round and black stained, showing fertile. By clarifying the characteristics of BS210 fertility conversion, it provides a theoretical basis for guiding the selection of BS210 safe ecosystem.