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人乳头瘤病毒感染是最常见的性传播性疾病,通常在感染后自行消失。只有持续的高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染才是导致宫颈癌的根本原因。其致癌的中心环节是E6,E7与p53和Rb的相互作用,从而导致p53通路(p14-MDM2-p53通路)和Rb通路(p16-CDK4/cyclin D1-pRb通路)功能失活,这是宫颈癌的发病基础。此外,影响宫颈癌发生的主要辅助因素包括环境因素、宿主因素和病毒因素等。
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease and usually disappears after infection. Only sustained high-risk HPV infection is the underlying cause of cervical cancer. The central part of its carcinogenesis is the interaction between E6, E7 and p53 and Rb, resulting in the functional inactivation of the p53 pathway (p14-MDM2-p53 pathway) and the Rb pathway (p16-CDK4 / cyclin D1-pRb pathway) The basis of cancer. In addition, the main supporting factors that affect the occurrence of cervical cancer include environmental factors, host factors and viral factors.