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目的探讨少年和老年人鼻腔、鼻窦肿瘤的临床及病理组织学特点。方法收集入院诊治的30例少年和82例老年鼻腔、鼻窦肿瘤患者的临床资料,统计其性别、部位分布及病理构成比,观察其临床特征、病理组织学特点及治疗情况。结果①30例少年病例中,男∶女=1∶1,良性∶恶性=2.3∶1;原发于鼻腔的肿瘤有15例;原发于鼻窦的肿瘤15例,包括上颌窦6例、筛窦6例及蝶窦肿瘤3例。82例老年病例中,男∶女=1.8∶1,良性∶恶性=1∶1.2;原发于鼻腔的肿瘤有49例;原发于鼻窦的肿瘤33例,包括上颌窦19例、额窦3例、筛窦9例及蝶窦肿瘤2例;②少年鼻腔、鼻窦肿瘤总的构成比按组织来源排序如下:软组织>淋巴造血组织>骨及软骨组织>异位颅内组织肿瘤>上皮组织;老年组如下:上皮组织>软组织>骨及软骨组织>淋巴造血组织>异位颅内组织肿瘤;③良性肿瘤以手术治疗为主,恶性肿瘤采用以手术为主的综合治疗。结论少年和老年鼻腔、鼻窦肿瘤患者有明确的临床特征;肿瘤的部位构成比及不同部位肿瘤的发生特点均具有差异性;采用以手术为主的综合治疗。
Objective To investigate the clinical and histopathological characteristics of nasal and sinus tumors in adolescents and the elderly. Methods The clinical data of 30 adolescents and 82 elderly patients with nasal and sinus tumors admitted to hospital were collected. Their gender, location and pathological composition were collected and their clinical features, histopathological features and treatment were observed. Results ①30 cases of juvenile cases, male: female = 1: 1, benign: malignant = 2.3: 1; primary tumors in the nasal cavity in 15 cases; primary sinusitis in 15 cases, including 6 cases of maxillary sinus, ethmoid sinus 6 cases and sphenoid sinus tumor in 3 cases. 82 cases of elderly cases, male: female = 1.8: 1, benign: malignant = 1: 1.2; 49 cases of primary tumors in the nasal cavity; primary sinusitis in 33 cases, including 19 cases of maxillary sinus, frontal sinus 3 9 cases of ethmoid sinus and 2 cases of sphenoid sinus tumor; ②The total composition ratio of juvenile nasal cavity and sinonasal tumor was ranked as follows: soft tissue> lymphatic hematopoietic tissue> bone and cartilage tissue> ectopic intracranial tumor> epithelial tissue; Elderly group are as follows: epithelial tissue> soft tissue> bone and cartilage tissue> lymphatic hematopoietic tissue> ectopic intracranial tumor; ③ benign tumors to surgical treatment, malignant tumors using surgery-based comprehensive treatment. Conclusions The juvenile and elderly patients with nasal and sinus tumors have definite clinical features. The composition of the tumor and the characteristics of different parts of the tumor are different. The surgery-based comprehensive treatment is adopted.