目的:探讨n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PuFA)对运动性哮喘(EIA)豚鼠支气管肺灌洗液(BALF)、肺组织病理学、气道阻力和动态肺顺应性的影响及其可能机制。方法:20只豚鼠随机分为正常对照组(n=6)、EIA模型组(n=7)和EIA+n-3PuFA干预组(n=7)。实验第1、14天对照组腹腔注射生理盐水,其它两组腹腔注射脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide,LPS)+甲双吡丙酮(Metyrapon1,MET)。n-3PuFA干预组每天给予n-3PuFA液灌胃(0.04g/kg),对照组和EIA模型组补充同剂量的蒸馏水。各组豚鼠在第21天测试气道阻力(RL)和动态肺顺应性(Cydn),建立运动性哮喘模型后麻醉处死,取豚鼠肺组织观察BALF细胞总数及分类、豚鼠气道反应性及肺组织形态学的变化。结果:EIA模型组豚鼠BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)显著高于对照组(P<0.01);RL显著性增高,Cydn明显下降(P<0.05);肺组织可见嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞等炎性细胞浸润。EIA+n-3PuFA干预组豚鼠BALF中细胞总数、EOS显著低于EIA模型组(P<0.05),气道阻力RL呈下降趋势,Cydn表现出升高趋势;支气管粘膜上皮伴少许炎性细胞浸润。结论:运动性哮喘存在气道粘膜的炎症改变和气道高反应性,n-3PuFA可以通过减少气管粘膜炎性介质的产生改善EIA的通气情况。 Objective: To investigate the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3PuFA) on bronchial lung lavage fluid (BALF), pulmonary histopathology, airway resistance and dynamic lung compliance in exercise-induced asthma mechanism. Methods: Twenty guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 6), EIA model group (n = 7) and EIA + n-3PuFA intervention group (n = 7). The control group was intraperitoneally injected with saline on days 1 and 14, and the other two groups were injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Metyrapon (MET). The n-3PuFA intervention group was given n-3PuFA solution daily (0.04g / kg). The control group and EIA model group were given the same dose of distilled water. The guinea pigs in each group were tested for airway resistance (RL) and dynamic lung compliance (Cydn) on the 21st day. After establishment of the model of exercise-induced asthma, they were anesthetized and sacrificed. The total number and classification of BALF cells in the lungs of guinea pigs were observed. Changes in histomorphology. Results: The number of total cells and eosinophils (EOS) in BALF in EIA model group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.01), RL significantly increased and Cydn significantly decreased (P <0.05). Eosinophils , Neutrophils and lymphocytes and other inflammatory cell infiltration. EOS + n-3PuFA intervention group, the total number of cells in BALF, EOS was significantly lower than the EIA model group (P <0.05), airway resistance RL decreased, Cydn showed an upward trend; bronchial epithelium with a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration . CONCLUSION: There is inflammation change and airway hyperresponsiveness in airway mucosa in exercise-induced asthma. N-3PuFA can improve the ventilation of EIA by reducing the production of inflammatory mediators of tracheal mucosa.