耐多药肺结核(MDR-TB)是指耐异烟肼和利福平2种以上抗结核药物的结核分支杆菌引起的结核病,具有治疗时间长、难度大、费用高、治愈率低、死亡率高等特点,而且是结核病重要传染源。世界范围内初始耐多药率中位数为1·2%,获得性耐多药率中位数7·7%,据世界卫生组织估计,每年新发? MDR-TB refers to tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin more than two kinds of anti-TB drugs and has the advantages of long treatment time, high difficulty, high cost, low cure rate, and death rate Higher characteristics, but also an important source of infection of tuberculosis. The median initial MDR rate in the world was 1.2%, and the median rate of acquired MDR was 7.7%. According to the WHO estimate, the annual rate of new MDR rate was 1.2%