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目的了解北京地区门诊儿童急性呼吸道感染的病毒病原学特点。方法 2010年3月至2011年2月在北京儿童医院门诊就诊的急性呼吸道感染患儿540例,每例患儿采集咽拭子标本1份。采用多重PCR试剂检测常见呼吸道病毒核酸,包括呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)A、B型,鼻病毒(RV),副流感病毒(PIV)1～4型,流感病毒(IFV)甲、乙型,腺病毒(ADV),人偏肺病毒(HMPV),人冠状病毒(HCoV),人博卡病毒(HBoV)及肠道病毒(EV)。结果 540例门诊采集的急性呼吸道感染患儿的咽拭子标本中,306例检出至少1种病毒,总阳性率56.7%。其中33例检出2种病毒,1例检出3种病毒,混合感染率为6.3%。各种病毒中,IFV检出率最高占16.7%,其次是ADV(12.8%),EV(7.8%),PIV(7.2%),。IFV中以甲型IFV为主(占95.6%),PIV中以PIV3型为主(占66.7%),RSV检出以RSVA型为主,占79.3%。结论病毒是引起儿童急性呼吸道感染的重要病原,北京儿童医院急性呼吸道感染的主要病毒病原是IFV、ADV、EV、PIV。
Objective To understand the viral etiological characteristics of outpatients with acute respiratory infection in Beijing. Methods From March 2010 to February 2011, 540 children with acute respiratory infection were admitted to Beijing Children’s Hospital. One sample of throat swab was collected in each child. Multiplex PCR reagents were used to detect common respiratory viral nucleic acids, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and B, RV, PIV 1-4, IFV A, B, Adenovirus (ADV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV), human Boka virus (HBoV) and enterovirus (EV). Results Among the 540 cases of throat swabs collected from outpatients with acute respiratory tract infection, at least 1 virus was detected in 306 cases, with a total positive rate of 56.7%. Among them, 33 were detected 2 viruses, 1 were detected 3 viruses, the mixed infection rate was 6.3%. Among the various viruses, the highest detection rate of IFV was 16.7%, followed by ADV (12.8%), EV (7.8%) and PIV (7.2%). IFV in the IFV-based (95.6%), PIV in the PIV3-based (66.7%), RSV detected mainly RSVA, accounting for 79.3%. Conclusion The virus is an important cause of acute respiratory infection in children. The main viral pathogens of acute respiratory infection in Beijing Children’s Hospital are IFV, ADV, EV and PIV.