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在许多外科手术中预防术后的伤口感染,头孢菌素类抗生素已成为首选的药物。目前在美国已销售有十八种不同的头孢菌素类抗生素,还有数种正在进行研制。其中十种最近已为美国食物药品管理局批准,可作为注射用的外科预防药(表1)。许多新的第二代、第三代头孢菌素在外科预防作用的介绍还很混乱,有待于继续澄清。本文试图对预防的基本概念作一简略综述,并阐明头孢菌素类抗生素在各种类型外科手术中的预防作用。
Cephalosporins have become the drug of choice for the prevention of postoperative wound infections in many surgeries. Eighteen different cephalosporin antibiotics have been marketed in the United States and several are under development. Ten of these have recently been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as surgical prophylactic agents for injection (Table 1). The introduction of many new second and third generation cephalosporins in the surgical prophylaxis remains confusing and needs further clarification. This article attempts to give a brief overview of the basic concepts of prevention and to elucidate the preventive effect of cephalosporin antibiotics in various types of surgery.