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目的通过两次调查肇东市农村地区<20岁人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)感染情况,分析该地区1886～2005年乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBV Surface Antigen,HBsAg)、抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(Antibody to HBsAg,Anti-HBs)、抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体(Antibody to HBV Core Antigen,Anti-HBc)感染标志变化,了解该地区乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)的免疫预防效果。方法分别于1986、2005年,对该地区进行横断面调查并采集血标本,用固相放射免疫法检测血清中HBsAg、Anti-HBs、Anti-HBc,分析这三项感染指标的流行情况。结果该地区<20岁人群HBsAg平均阳性率,由1986年的8.5%下降到2005年的4.4%(χ2=10.88,P<0.01),Anti-HBs平均阳性率由18.3%上升到43.1%(χ2=130.47,P<0.01),Anti-HBc平均阳性率由39.9%下降到15.1%(χ2=122.18,P<0.01)。结论肇东市农村地区<20岁人群HBV感染率本底高,1986年使用HepB后,HBV感染率下降明显,但仍高于全国平均水平,提示该地区HepB接种迫切需要加强和改进。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection in rural areas of Zhaodong City in rural areas between 2086 and 2005, and to analyze the prevalence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) To investigate the changes of anti-HBsAg and anti-HBc infection markers in Hepatitis B Vaccine (HepB) Immunoprophylaxis effect. Methods In 1986 and 2005, respectively, cross-sectional survey of the area and blood samples were collected. The serum HBsAg, Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc were detected by solid phase radioimmunoassay. The prevalence of these three infection indices was analyzed. Results The average positive rate of HBsAg in the population <20 years old decreased from 8.5% in 1986 to 4.4% in 2005 (χ2 = 10.88, P <0.01), and the average positive rate of Anti-HBs increased from 18.3% to 43.1% = 130.47, P <0.01). The average positive rate of Anti-HBc decreased from 39.9% to 15.1% (χ2 = 122.18, P <0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of HBV infection in rural population less than 20 years old in Zhaodong City is high. After HepB was used in 1986, the HBV infection rate decreased obviously, but still higher than the national average level, suggesting that HepB vaccination in this area urgently needs to be strengthened and improved.