目的 :探讨广西玉林地区中小学生头发中的人体必需元素含量及性别差异。方法 :用偏振塞曼原子吸收仪 ,检测 710名 7～ 16岁中小学生头发中 9种人体必需元素的含量。结果 :1铁、硒、钴、钙、锌的含量 ,在中小学生三个生长发育阶段均有男性高于女性差异 ;2铬含量在 7～ 9岁组、铜的含量在 10～ 12岁组和 13～ 16岁组均发现男性高于女性 ,另外一些生长发育阶段则没有性别差异 ;3镁、镍的含量 ,在中小学生三个生长发育阶段均没有性别差异。结论 :中小学生头发中元素含量的性别差异 ,因生长发育阶段和元素的不同而不同 Objective: To explore the human body essential elements content and gender differences in primary and secondary school students in Yulin, Guangxi. Methods: Ninety essential elements in the hair of 710 primary and secondary school students aged 7-16 years were detected by polarized Zeeman atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: 1 The contents of iron, selenium, cobalt, calcium and zinc in males and females were higher than those in females at three growth stages of primary and secondary school students. 2 The content of chromium was in the group of 7-9 years old and the content of copper was in the group of 10-12 years old And 13 to 16 years old group were found in men than women, while others were no gender differences in the growth stage; 3 magnesium, nickel content, primary and secondary growth and development in all three stages of no gender differences. Conclusion: The gender differences of the elementary and secondary school students’ hair are different due to different growth stages and elements