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目的提供小剂量慢性照射诱发人类恶性肿瘤的证据和有关规律。方法用Ｏ／Ｅ程序分析了我国２４个省、直辖市、自治区２７０１１名医用诊断Ｘ射线工作者和２５７８２名其他科医务人员１９５０～１９９０年间恶性肿瘤发病资料。结果Ｘ射线工作者的恶性肿瘤发病率显著高于对照医务人员（ＲＲ＝１．１，９５％可信限为１．０～１．２）。发病率明显增加的恶性肿瘤是白血病、皮肤癌、妇女乳腺癌、肝癌和食管癌，相对危险分别为：２．３，５．０，１．６，１．３和４．４。白血病危险的增高主要见于１９７０年前开始Ｘ射线工作和开始放射工作时年轻者。结论从Ｘ射线工作者恶性肿瘤的相对危险与工龄、参加Ｘ射线工作时年龄和时期分析表明，Ｘ射线工作者的白血病、皮肤癌和妇女乳腺癌发病率的增加与职业Ｘ射线照射有关
Objective To provide evidence and related laws of small-dose chronic irradiation-induced human malignant tumor. Methods The O / E program was used to analyze the data of 27,011 medical diagnostic X-ray workers in 24 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China and 25,782 other medical personnel from 1950 to 1990. Results The incidence of malignancy of X-ray workers was significantly higher than that of control medical personnel (RR = 1.1, 95% CI, 1.0-1.2). Malignant tumors with a significantly increased incidence are leukemia, skin cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer and esophageal cancer in women with relative risks of 2.3, 5.0, 1.6, 1.3 and 4.4, respectively. The increased risk of leukemia is mainly seen in young people who started X-ray work and started radiation work before 1970. Conclusions From the relative risk of X-ray workers in malignant tumor and length of service, the age and period of participation in X-ray work shows that the increase in the incidence of leukemia, skin cancer and breast cancer in X-ray workers is associated with occupational X-ray exposure