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目的分析低角度青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS)女性患者的骨密度(BMD)和骨矿含量(BMC),探讨其与年龄、生长发育、人体测量学和侧凸角度等的相关性。方法研究对象为218例Cobb角15～40°的女性AIS患者。运用双能X线骨密度吸收仪测定非优势侧股骨颈和腰椎的BMC/BMD。探讨这两个部位的BMC/BMD与患者的年龄、生长发育、人体测量学和侧凸角度等的相关性。结果所有患者的年龄平均为(13.4±1.4)岁,Cobb角平均为(28.3±6.2)°。股骨颈BMD平均为(0.827±0.103)g/cm2,腰椎BMD平均为(0.887±0.124)g/cm2,显著低于同龄健康女性儿童;股骨颈BMC平均为(3.49±0.56)g,腰椎BMC平均为(29.78±7.37)g。患者的BMC/BMD与Cobb角无显著相关,而与体重、身高、Risser征、月经状况、BMI和年龄显著相关。逐步回归分析显示,体重和年龄是影响患者BMD的主要因素。结论低角度女性AIS患者存在全身性的骨量减低,且与Cobb角无显著相关,而与生长发育和人体测量学相关指标显著相关。这提示AIS患者的骨量减低与生长发育和低体重有关。
Objective To analyze the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of female adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients with low-angle adolescent, and to explore their relationship with age, growth and development, anthropometry and scoliosis angle Relevance. Methods The subjects were 218 female AIS patients with Cobb angle of 15 ~ 40 °. Measurement of BMC / BMD in femoral neck and lumbar spine of nondominant side by dual energy X - ray absorptiometry. To investigate the association of BMC / BMD with age, growth and development, anthropometry and scoliosis in these two sites. Results All patients had an average age of (13.4 ± 1.4) years and an average Cobb angle of (28.3 ± 6.2) °. The average BMD of femoral neck was (0.827 ± 0.103) g / cm 2 and the average lumbar BMD was (0.887 ± 0.124) g / cm 2, which was significantly lower than that of healthy female children of the same age. The average BMC of femoral neck was (3.49 ± 0.56) g, (29.78 ± 7.37) g. There was no significant correlation between BMC / BMD and Cobb angle, but significant correlation with body weight, height, Risser sign, menstrual status, BMI and age. Stepwise regression analysis showed that body weight and age were the main factors affecting the patient’s BMD. Conclusions There is a generalized osteopenia in low-angle female patients with AIS, which is not significantly related to Cobb angle, but significantly related to growth and anthropometry. This suggests that osteopenia in AIS patients is associated with growth and weight loss.