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张穆(1804—1849),初名瀛暹,字石舟,晚号殷斋居士,山西平定人,是我国近代一位杰出的爱国思想家、史学家,“西北舆地之学”大师。早年长期从事学术研究,并在此领域付出辛勤劳动。1840年鸦片战争爆发后,清政府在战争中的失败以及《南京条约》的签订和列强在中国的横行霸道,激起了张穆的爱国热情,他撰写文章,抨击时政,不仅对清政府的黑暗统治进行了无情揭露,而且针对当时全国人民所关心的现实问题还提出了一系列建议和主张。
Zhang Mu (1804-1849), first name Ying Siam, word stone boat, late Yinzhai layman, Shanxi Pingding people, is an outstanding patriotic thinker and historian in modern China, “master of northwest geography”. Early years engaged in academic research, and in this area to pay hard work. After the Opium War broke out in 1840, the failure of the Qing government in the war and the signing of the “Nanjing Treaty” and the rampant tyranny of the powers in China aroused Zhang Mu’s patriotic enthusiasm. He wrote articles criticizing the current politics, not only the darkness of the Qing government The ruling was ruthlessly exposed, and a series of suggestions and propositions were also put forward in the light of the real problems of concern to the people throughout the country.