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目的分析黄浦江上游近紫石泾断面水质状况,为保障上海市金山区人民饮水安全和水资源可持续开发利用提供科学参考。方法按照GB/T5750-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》进行采样,按照GB 3838-2002《地表水环境质量标准》指定方法进行检测,按照GB 3838-2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类标准及水质指数(WQI)法对水质进行评价。结果监测样品均不合格(0/12),监测指标合格率91.37%(307/336)。超标指标中合格率最低的是总氮都超标(0/12),其次是汞33.33%(4/12),其他指标依次是溶解氧66.67%(8/12)、化学需氧量83.33%(10/12)、五日生化需氧量83.33%(10/12)。溶解氧、五日生化需氧量、总氮浓度呈现夏低冬高的特点,化学需氧量、汞浓度全年变化幅度不大。全年水质无明显变化规律,水质在Ⅱ~Ⅳ级之间,Ⅲ类水达标率仅33.33%(4/12)。结论黄浦江上游近紫石泾断面水质污染严重,以有机污染为主,需引起相关部门的重视。
Objective To analyze the water quality of the near Zishijing section in the upper reaches of the Huangpu River and provide scientific references for the safety of drinking water and the sustainable development and utilization of water resources in Shanghai’s Jinshan District. Methods According to GB / T5750-2006 “drinking water health standard test method” for sampling, according to GB3838-2002 “surface water environmental quality standards” specified method for testing, according to GB3838-2002 “Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard” Class Ⅲ Standards and Water Quality Index (WQI) method to evaluate water quality. Results The monitoring samples were all failed (0/12). The passing rate of monitoring indicators was 91.37% (307/336). The lowest pass rate of over-standard indicators was that total nitrogen was over standard (0/12), followed by mercury by 33.33% (4/12). Other indicators followed were dissolved oxygen 66.67% (8/12) and chemical oxygen demand 83.33% 10/12) on the 5th and 83.33% (10/12) on the 5th. Dissolved Oxygen, Day 5 BOD, and total nitrogen showed the characteristics of summer and winter in winter. There was not much change in chemical oxygen demand and mercury concentration in the whole year. There was no significant change in water quality throughout the year, with water quality ranging from Grade Ⅱ to Grade Ⅳ, and Grade Ⅲ water compliance rate was only 33.33% (4/12). Conclusion The water quality near the Zishi Shijing section in the upper reaches of the Huangpu River is seriously polluted, with organic pollution as the main cause, which needs the attention of relevant departments.