一、开放系统论的演进所谓开放系统,是指“一个通过与其环境的输人和输出来调节其生存状态的自我维持系统。”开放系统理论的基本假设就是组织与所有的生命系统一样有着共同的开放特征:即相对独立子外部环境,又不断地与外部环境进行交互活动。 I. The Evolution of Open Systems Theory The so-called open system refers to “a self-sustaining system that regulates its state of existence through input and output with its environment.” The basic assumption of open systems theory is that organizations are the same as all living systems Have the common open features: the relative independence of the external environment, but also continue to interact with the external environment.