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恙虫病是一种自然疫源性立克次体病,在人类有长久的流行历史。早在1610年前,我国晋代葛洪氏(公元283-343)就记叙了岭南(指现在的福建、广东一带)的沙虱形态,以及所致热病的流行情况、临床症状及治疗方法。日本在十九世纪及二十世纪初对本病进行了许多研究,证实了传播媒介是红恙螨(Trombicula akamushi),确定了流行地区及流行特征,并且分离出了病原体,定名为东方立克次体(Rickettsia orientalis)。第二次世界大战前在东南亚均报告有恙虫病流行,并且证实了传播媒介是地里恙螨
Tsutsugamushi disease is a natural foci of rickety disease, has a long history of popular in humans. As early as 1610, Ge Hong’s (Jin Dynasty AD 283-343) of China recorded the lice form of Lingnan (referring to the present-day areas of Fujian and Guangdong) as well as the prevalence, clinical symptoms and treatment of fever . In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Japan conducted many studies on this disease, confirming that the vector is Trombicula akamushi, identifying endemic areas and epidemiological features and isolating the pathogen, designated as Oriental Rick Rickettsia orientalis. Epidemics of tsutsugamushi were reported in Southeast Asia before World War II, and confirmed that the media was chigger mites