论文部分内容阅读
天麻是兰科植物的块茎,为我国名贵的传统中药材。自1984年以来,我们在宁远县香花铺乡应用竹林栽培天麻,获得了较高产量,经济效益显著。现将林间栽天麻技术简介如下:(一)选地备种选择七分阴三分阳的竹林或壳斗科类林地,要求土层深厚,含腐殖质丰富,团粒结构良好,透气透水性强,土壤湿度在60～70%,酸碱度5.5～6.0。海拔以300～1000米最适宜。土质以黄壤或黄棕壤为好,粘土或碱性土均不宜培植天麻。引种时间以立冬前后最好,此时气温低(10℃左右),天麻处于休眠状态,挖取的天麻品质好,且易于转移引种。根据天麻的生长阶段和个体大小,可分为:米麻(个小如米粒)、白麻(呈条形,生长点为白色,再长一年后为商品麻)、商品麻(又称箭麻,个大,生长点似箭头状,再培植一年可长出小苗),引种以白麻为好,栽培后繁殖快,成活率高,且引种方便、经济。
Tianma is a tuber of Orchidaceae, China’s precious traditional Chinese medicine. Since 1984, we have applied Tianzhu County, Ningyuan County, bamboo cultivation Tianma, access to higher yields, significant economic benefits. Will now planted Tianma hemp technology briefings are as follows: (a) the choice of species to elect seven-yin-yang-yang bamboo or Fagaceae forest, requiring deep soil, humus-rich, good pellet structure, breathable water permeability , Soil moisture at 60 ~ 70%, pH 5.5 ~ 6.0. The most suitable elevation of 300 to 1000 meters. Soil with yellow soil or yellow brown soil as well, clay or alkaline soil are not suitable for cultivation Tianma. Introduction time before and after the winter before the best, when the temperature is low (10 ℃ or so), Tianma dormant state, digging Gastrodia good quality, and easy to transfer introduction. According to the growth stage of Gastrodia and individual size, can be divided into: Ma (a small, such as rice), white hemp (a bar, the growth point is white, then a year later for commodity hemp), commodity hemp Ma, a big, point-like growth, and then cultivate a year to grow a small seedlings), introduced to white as well, breeding fast propagation, high survival rate, and the introduction of convenient and economical.