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如何评价历史人物,我国史学界在五十年代曾不止一次地进行过讨论。讨论的热点之一是关于历史主义的分析方法。当时有的论者提出,运用这种方法就是要拿历史人物同他的前辈人相比较,而不能用现代标准即今人的标准要求古人。也就是列宁所说的,“判断历史的功绩,不是根据历史活动家没有提供现代所要求的东西,而是根据他们比他们的前辈提供了新的东西。”(《列宁全集》第二卷第150页)另一些论
How to evaluate the historical figures has been discussed by Chinese historians more than once in the 1950s. One of the hot topics for discussion is the analysis of historicism. Some commentators at the time proposed that this method should be used to compare historical figures with those of his predecessors, and that the ancients should not be claimed by modern standards, the present standards. That is, Lenin said: “Judging the merit of history is not based on the fact that the historical activists did not provide what is required of the present, but on the basis that they provided something newer than their predecessors.” (Collected Works of Lenin, Volume II 150 pages) Others