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目的 揭示老年人群躯体疾病谱及伤残等情况的动态变化。方法 对上海市静安区老年人群应用“上海市老年研究访问卷”(1987年)、“上海市老年调查访问卷”(1992年)5年间进行两次调查。结果 1.多数老年人自我评价健康状况比5年差,但63.3％的老人心理、情绪的自我评价与5年前相仿;2.约80％的老人患有一种或一种以上的躯体疾病,患病率在10％以上者为高血压、心脏病、关节疾病、白内障或青光眼、肺气肿或慢性支气管炎、胆道胃肠道疾病;3.老年人群盲聋比率高达10％以上;运动伤残达7.2％;4.有烟酒嗜好者男性远高于女性,5年后不再饮酒或吸烟者比率增多。结论 社区老年人群心身健康状况受到多种因素的影响,应重视早期防治。
Objective To reveal the dynamic changes of somatic disease spectrum and disability in the elderly population. Methods Two surveys were conducted on the elderly population in Jing’an District of Shanghai using the “Shanghai Elderly Study Access Volume” (1987) and the “Shanghai Elderly Survey Access Volume” (1992) in five years. Most of the elderly self-evaluation of health status worse than 5 years, but 63.3% of the elderly psychology, emotional self-evaluation and 5 years ago similar; 2. About 80% of elderly people suffering from one or more physical diseases, The prevalence rate of more than 10% were hypertension, heart disease, joint disease, cataracts or glaucoma, emphysema or chronic bronchitis, biliary tract gastrointestinal diseases; 3 elderly blindness rate as high as 10%; sports injuries Up to 7.2%; 4. Men and women with alcohol and tobacco are far higher than women, five years after no longer drinking or smoking increased. Conclusion The psychosomatic status of the elderly population in the community is affected by many factors. Early prevention and treatment should be emphasized.