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花生是我国重要的油料作物,子仁中油酸和亚油酸的含量达到80%左右,其中油酸是影响花生油理化稳定性和营养价值的重要品质指标。“十五”以来,为进一步提升我国花生国际竞争力和满足国内人们对高品质花生油的消费需求,培育高油酸花生品种成为我国重要的花生品质育种目标之一。本文综述了国内外高油酸花生突变体、高油酸含量性状的遗传规律和分子机理、育成发放的高油酸花生品种的研究进展,对高油酸花生品种系谱、育成方式进行分析。分析高油酸花生育种中存在的问题,以期为我国高油酸花生育种提供参考。
Peanut is an important oilseed crop in China. The content of oleic acid and linoleic acid in Zizania is about 80%. Oleic acid is an important quality index that affects the physical and chemical stability and nutritional value of peanut oil. Since the 10th Five-year Plan period, in order to further enhance the international competitiveness of peanut and meet the domestic demand for high-quality peanut oil, cultivating high-oleic peanut varieties has become one of the important breeding objectives of peanut quality in China. This review summarizes the genetic laws and molecular mechanisms of high oleic acid and high oleic acid traits at home and abroad, and advances in the breeding of high oleic acid peanut varieties. The pedigree and breeding pattern of high oleic acid peanut varieties were analyzed. Analysis of high oleic acid peanut breeding problems, with a view to China’s high oleic acid peanut breeding provide a reference.