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北斗系统中轨位资源相对匮乏的GEO卫星需要频繁轨控来保持轨位,其轨控后的轨道快速恢复问题,是制约卫星可用度和系统服务性能的重要因素.GEO卫星静地特性使得难以实现轨道参数与钟参数的有效分离,特别针对轨位偏置GEO卫星该问题更加突出.本文提出了星地钟差支持下的轨道快速恢复技术,通过无线电双向法实现星地时间同步和多星定轨实现高精度站间时间同步,实现了钟差与轨道的有效分离.本文同时提出具有先验约束的降相关方法和基于长弧约束短弧运动学和动力学参数的轨道快速恢复方法,有效解决了监测接收机系统差问题,实现了高精度的轨道快速恢复.基于北斗系统实测数据的试验分析表明:机动后轨道快速恢复时间由24 h缩短为4 h,SLR评估的预报2 h轨道视向精度优于1 m,UERE精度优于1.5 m,有效解决了轨位偏置GEO卫星的轨道快速恢复问题.
In the Beidou system, GEO satellites with relatively low orbital resources need frequent orbit control to maintain orbit, and the rapid orbit recovery after orbit control is an important factor that restricts satellite availability and system service performance. And the effective separation of the orbital parameters and the clock parameters is achieved, especially for the orbital offsetting GEO satellites.This paper presents a rapid orbit recovery technology supported by the satellite clock, and realizes the time synchronization and multi-star Orbit determination to achieve high precision time synchronization between stations and realize the effective separation of clock error and orbit.This paper also presents a descent correlation method with prior constraints and a rapid orbit recovery method based on long arc constraint short arc kinematics and dynamics parameters, Which effectively solves the problem of poor monitoring receiver system and achieves rapid track restoration with high accuracy.Based on the experimental data of Beidou system, the rapid recovery time of the track is shortened from 24 h to 4 h and the predicted 2 h orbit of SLR assessment The accuracy of vision is better than 1 m and UERE accuracy is better than 1.5 m, which effectively solves the problem of orbital rapid recovery of orbital offset GEO satellites.