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目的了解重庆城区儿童青少年代谢综合征流行现状及其家庭影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群抽样,于2014年从重庆城区获得1309名10~17岁儿童青少年完成体格检查(包括身高、体重、腰围和血压)、血生化检查(包括空腹血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇)及家庭影响因素问卷(包括孩子是否母乳喂养、分娩方式、出生体重、父母的文化程度、父母的身高体重、是否有高血压和糖尿病家族史等);采用中国儿童青少年代谢综合征定义和防治建议的标准进行代谢综合征的诊断。结果重庆城区儿童青少年代谢综合征检出率为5.5%,其中体重正常、超重和肥胖组代谢综合征检出率分别为0.6%、13.8%和41.2%。单因素分析提示,儿童青少年代谢综合征与父亲体质指数(χ~2=8.237,P=0.016)、母亲体质指数(χ~2=8.978,P=0.011)、父亲职业(χ~2=7.742,P=0.021)、母亲职业(χ~2=6.578,P=0.037)及高血压家族史(χ~2=7.684,P=0.006)有关。多因素分析提示,父亲超重(OR=1.956,95%CI 1.176~3.254)、母亲肥胖(OR=2.934,95%CI 1.230~6.999)及有高血压家族史(OR=1.867,95%CI 1.139~3.059)是儿童青少年代谢综合征的危险因素。结论重庆城区儿童青少年代谢综合征检出率较高;影响其发生的家庭因素主要是父亲超重、母亲肥胖及有高血压家族史。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status of metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents in Chongqing urban area and its influential factors. Methods A total of 1,309 adolescents aged 10-17 years old from 2014 in Chongqing were enrolled in this study. The physical examination (including height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure), blood biochemical tests (including fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, Cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol) and family influence questionnaire (including whether the child is breastfeeding, mode of delivery, birth weight, educational level of parents, parents’ height and weight, whether there is hypertension and family history of diabetes Etc.); use of Chinese children and adolescents metabolic syndrome definition and prevention and treatment recommendations for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Results The detection rate of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents in Chongqing was 5.5%. The detection rates of metabolic syndrome in normal weight, overweight and obesity groups were 0.6%, 13.8% and 41.2% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents was significantly associated with the body mass index (χ ~ 2 = 8.237, P = 0.016), mother’s body mass index (χ ~ 2 = 8.978, P = 0.011) P = 0.021), maternal occupation (χ ~ 2 = 6.578, P = 0.037) and family history of hypertension (χ ~ 2 = 7.684, P = 0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that the father was overweight (OR = 1.956,95% CI 1.176-3.254), maternal obesity (OR = 2.934,95% CI 1.230-6.999) and family history of hypertension (OR = 1.867,95% CI 1.139 ~ 3.059) is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents in Chongqing urban area is relatively high. The main family factors that influence their occurrence are the overweight of the father, the obesity of the mother and the family history of hypertension.