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地震对自然条件恶劣、经济基础薄弱的少数民族地区的社会、经济、环境等有严重影响。分析了我国西北少数民族地区地震灾害特点,选用地震发生频率、强度、灾害面积,人口死亡数、受伤数,房屋毁坏面积、损坏面积等指标,依据1949-2013年的地震灾害统计数据,运用层次分析法、地震危害度评估模型,就地震对西北少数民族地区社会-经济-环境复合系统的影响进行了评估。其中,甘肃的张掖、酒泉、兰州、定西等,新疆的喀什、克孜勒苏柯尔克孜、伊犁、阿克苏等,青海的西宁、海南、海西、玉树等,宁夏的固原都属于地震灾害严重或较重的区域。评估结果可为少数民族地区防灾减灾提供参考。
The earthquake has a serious impact on the social, economic and environmental aspects of the ethnic minority areas where natural conditions are poor and the economic foundation is weak. This paper analyzes the characteristics of earthquake disaster in the northwestern minority areas of China, selects the frequency of earthquake occurrence, intensity, disaster area, population deaths, injuries, damaged area and damaged area. According to the statistics of earthquake disaster from 1949 to 2013, Analytical method and earthquake hazard assessment model to evaluate the impact of the earthquake on the socio-economic-environmental composite system in northwest ethnic minority areas. Among them, Gansu’s Zhangye, Jiuquan, Lanzhou, Dingxi, Xinjiang, Kashgar, Kizilsu Kirgiz, Ili, Aksu and so on. Qinghai’s Xining, Hainan, Hercynian, Yushu, Ningxia, Guyuan belong to the serious earthquake disaster or more Heavy area. The assessment results can provide reference for disaster prevention and mitigation in ethnic minority areas.