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所谓“西方”,本身是一个历史的建构。欧洲特定的文化背景,历史上一系列的文化及社会运动,对历史思想和历史书写都产生了重大影响,使得西方史学具有了一定程度上的独特性,譬如强调进步和发展等等。然而这种独特性并不是一连串独一无二的特征,也不意味着西方历史著作的方式在所有方面都优于其他方式。归根到底,正是不同体系之间的冲突,尤其是不同“力量”之间的动态平衡,才构成西方历史思想和历史书写的特点。
The so-called “West” is itself a historical construction. The specific cultural background in Europe, a series of historical cultural and social movements have had a significant impact on historical thought and historical writing, making Western historians have a certain degree of uniqueness, such as emphasizing progress and development. However, this uniqueness is not a series of unique features, nor does it imply that the ways in which Western historical writings are superior to others in all aspects. In the final analysis, it is precisely the conflicts between different systems, especially the dynamic balance between different “forces,” that constitute the characteristics of Western historical thought and historical writing.