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目的:通过研究,探讨能显著降低关木通中马兜铃酸含量,减轻其肾毒性的炮制方法与炮制机理。方法:采用传统的炮制工艺对关木通药材进行炮制,制得29种炮制品,连同生品共30种样品,通过高效液相色谱法测定了各样品中马兜铃酸A的含量;通过大鼠急性肾损伤试验,考察了代表性样品对动物肾功能的影响。结果:石灰水煮、石灰水蒸、甘草汁煮、黑豆汁煮、小苏打水煮及滑石粉炒6种样品中马兜铃酸A的含量均有显著降低(降低幅度30%以上),其他炮制品中马兜铃酸A的含量也有一定程度的降低,但降低幅度差异较大。毒理试验结果表明,与生品相比,上述6种炮制品均能显著减轻对动物肾功能的损害,减轻程度与其中的马兜铃酸A含量似有一定的相关性。结论:以关木通为代表的含马兜铃酸中药可以通过适宜的炮制方法降低其马兜铃酸的含量,减轻其对动物肾功能的损害。
OBJECTIVE: To study the processing methods and processing mechanism of Aristolochia officinalis which can significantly reduce the content of aristolochic acid in Guanmutong and reduce its nephrotoxicity. Methods: The traditional processing technology was used to process the crude drug of Kuanmutong. 29 kinds of processed products were obtained, and 30 kinds of samples were processed together with raw samples. The contents of aristolochic acid A in each sample were determined by high performance liquid chromatography Acute kidney injury tests examined the effects of representative samples on animal kidney function. Results: The contents of aristolochic acid A in the six samples of lime boiled, lime water steamed, licorice juice boiled, black bean juice boiled, boiled soda and talcum fried all decreased significantly (the reduction rate was over 30%); the others The contents of aristolochic acid A in the processed products also decreased to a certain extent, but the difference in the reduction range was quite different. Toxicity test results show that, compared with the raw product, the above-mentioned 6 kinds of processed products can significantly reduce the damage to the renal function of animals, the degree of reduction and its content of aristolochic acid A may have some relevance. CONCLUSION: Aristolochic acid-containing traditional Chinese medicine represented by Guanmutong can reduce its aristolochic acid content and reduce its damage to animal’s renal function through appropriate processing methods.