英国是世界上最早进行电力市场化改革的国家之一。到2003年底,英国全国发电装机容量7175万千瓦。2003年全国用电量3998亿千瓦时,GDP1.6万亿美元,世界排名第四。1989年,英国议会通过新的《电力法》,明确了要在电力行业实行私有化,打破垄断,引入竞争。从1990年4月开始,英国电力工 Britain is one of the first countries in the world to carry out the electricity market reform. By the end of 2003, the installed capacity of power generation in the United Kingdom was 71.75 million kilowatts. In 2003, the national electricity consumption was 399.8 billion kwh, with a GDP of 1.6 trillion U.S. dollars and ranking the fourth in the world. In 1989, the British Parliament passed the new “Electricity Law”, which made it clear that privatization should be implemented in the power industry to break the monopoly and introduce competition. Since April 1990, the British electrician