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基于Weizsaecker-Skyrme(WS)原子核质量公式,系统研究了Si,S,Ca,Ni同位素链的壳能隙、原子核形变以及电荷均方根半径.WS质量公式的计算结果能够非常好地再现已有的实验数据,对于885个已测原子核电荷半径的rms偏差仅为0.022 fm;对于2353个已测原子核质量的rms偏差仅为298 ke V.除了已知的中子幻数,WS公式还预言N=14,16以及32也可能是幻数.对于中等质量以及重核,基于核质量得到的经验壳能隙能够比较敏锐地给出幻数信息.原子核电荷半径也能给出幻数信息,不过需要大幅度提高电荷半径测量精度并开展丰中子核电荷半径的系统测量.
Based on Weizsaecker-Skyrme (WS) atomic mass formula, the shell energy gap, atomic nucleation and charge root mean square radius of Si, S, Ca and Ni isotope chains have been studied systematically.The calculated result of WS mass formula can well reproduce the existing , The rms deviation for the 885 measured nucleus charge radiuses is only 0.022 fm, and the rms deviation for the mass of 2353 nuclei tested is only 298 ke. In addition to the known neutron magic numbers, the WS formula predicts N = 14, 16, and 32 may also be magic numbers. For medium and heavy kernels, the empirical shell bandgap based on the kernel mass gives a clearer information about the magic number. The atomic charge radius can also give magic numbers, There is a need to greatly improve the measurement accuracy of the charge radius and to conduct a systematic measurement of the abundance of the neutron charge of the neutron nuclei.