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[目的]为热带、亚热带玉米种质利用提供参考与依据。[方法]选择改良苏湾群体的46个株系。收获前调查农艺性状,收获后考察穗部性状。[结果]在46个株系中,平均株高为249 cm,最高为300 cm,最低为195 cm。穗位最高为124 cm,最低为89 cm,平均为108cm。叶片最多为22片,最少为18片,平均为20片。茎杆最粗为3.0 cm,最细为1.6 cm,平均粗度为1.9 cm。穗长最长为19.2 cm,最短为11.3 cm,平均穗长15.6 cm。穗行数最多为17行,最少为13行,平均穗行数为14.5。行粒数最多是38粒,最少是17粒,平均行粒数是30.5粒。最重穗重为190.8 g,最轻为68.5 g,平均穗重为143.2 g。穗重变异系数最大,为19.8%。硬粒型占样本总数的89.1%,籽粒颜色以黄色和橙黄色为主。[结论]苏湾群体株系的多数性状符合育种要求。
[Objective] The research aimed to provide reference and basis for utilization of tropical and subtropical germplasm. [Method] Choose 46 strains to improve Suwan population. Agronomic traits were investigated before harvesting and panicle traits were observed after harvest. [Result] Among 46 lines, the average plant height was 249 cm, the highest was 300 cm and the lowest was 195 cm. The ear maximum is 124 cm, the lowest is 89 cm, the average is 108 cm. Leaf up to 22, at least 18, an average of 20. The thickest stem is 3.0 cm, the smallest is 1.6 cm, the average thickness is 1.9 cm. The ear length is the longest 19.2 cm, the shortest is 11.3 cm, the average spike length is 15.6 cm. Spikes up to 17 lines, at least 13 lines, the average number of ears 14.5. The maximum number of rows is 38, the minimum is 17, the average number of rows is 30.5. The heaviest panicle weight was 190.8 g, the lightest was 68.5 g, and the average panicle weight was 143.2 g. The coefficient of variation of panicle weight was the largest, which was 19.8%. Durum accounted for 89.1% of the total number of samples, the color of the seeds to yellow and orange-based. [Conclusion] Most traits in the population of Suwan Group met the requirements of breeding.