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随着硐室埋深加大、围岩破碎、裂隙发育等因素的出现,岩石呈现明显的软岩特性,并由此产生了大变形、大地压、难支护等一系列工程问题。近几年逐渐采用导硐施工技术来解决这些问题,根据导硐施工法的原则:让硐室掘出后在原岩应力作用下充分产生流动变形、塑性变形,释放部分地应力,并利用围岩自身的承载能力,使地应力重新分布达到新的应力平衡状态,使地压力得到有效释放与控制。在导硐法施工中,如何优化导硐位置及尺寸是导硐施工技术的关键问题;建立不同导硐模型,通过Flac3D进行数值模拟,分析、比较导硐后硐室的塑性变形、位移和应力情况,得到一个最佳的导硐模型。
With the increase of burial depth of chamber, the occurrence of rock fragmentation and fissure development, the rock exhibits obvious soft rock characteristics and a series of engineering problems such as large deformation, earth pressure and difficult support are produced. In recent years, the tunnel construction technology is gradually adopted to solve these problems. According to the principle of guide tunnel construction method, after the chamber is excavated, the flow deformation, plastic deformation and partial stress are fully generated under the action of the original rock stress. Own bearing capacity, so that the redistribution of earth stress to a new state of stress balance, so that the pressure can be effectively released and control. In the guide tunnel construction, how to optimize the location and size of the guide tunnel is the key issue in the construction technology of the tunnel. The different guide tunnel models are established and the numerical simulation and analysis by Flac3D are performed to compare the plastic deformation, displacement and stress Situation, get a best guide tunnel model.