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《黑雪——出兵朝鲜纪实》(叶雨蒙著,作家出版社1989年1月出版,下称《黑雪》)从文学的角度来看,是一部受读者欢迎的作品。但从历史的角度来看,却存在很多问题,主要是“纪实”不实。一位以写历史题材为主的小说作家曾经说过:“一部作品,既然被冠之以‘历史’的名衔,它也就不可避免地承担着传播历史的媒介作用。不管作者愿意不愿意,一般读者往往是通过作品去了解和认识历史事件及其人物的。因此,人们也就有理由要求作品所提供的基本信息与历史的实际大体相符。”①笔者完全赞成这个观点。《黑雪》既然冠之以“纪实”,其所记述与描写的历史事件就应该是真实的,不应是虚构的,所提供的信息应符合历史实际。然而,该书所描写的事件虽然有一部分是有一定历史根据的,但有许多与历史事实不符,并且还有虚构的成分。《黑雪》开篇第一章的题目是《开国后的第一个
“Kuroyuki - Military North Korea Documentary” (Ye Yumeng, Writer Press published in January 1989, hereinafter referred to as “Black Snow”) from a literary point of view, is a popular work by readers. However, from a historical point of view, there are many problems, mainly “documentary” false. A novelist writing a historical theme once said: “A work, since it has been branded” history, “inevitably assumes the role of media in the dissemination of history. Whether the author prefers to be unwilling , Readers generally understand and understand historical events and their characters through their works, so that people also have reason to demand that the basic information provided in the works should generally correspond to the actual history. ”① The author fully supports this view. Since Kuroyukihime is titled as Documentary, historical events described and described by it should be true and should not be fictional. The information provided should be consistent with historical facts. However, although some of the events described in this book are based on a certain historical basis, there are many facts that are inconsistent with historical facts and also have fictitious elements. The title of the first chapter of “Black Snow” is “the first one after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.”