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目的:观察宫颈癌病人外周血淋巴细胞染色体与癌之间的关系,并探讨经放疗后患者染色体的改变。方法:宫颈癌组选择经过病理活检确诊为宫颈鳞状上皮癌且尚未接受任何治疗的患者20例,放化疗前后分别取外周血培养,观察淋巴细胞染色体变化情况。正常对照组选择未接触过放射线的健康女性10名,采取外周血培养。选择放疗前后宫颈癌组和正常对照组标本分析100个有丝分裂中期细胞的染色体数目和结构畸变,每一例都挑选4-5个染色体分散良好、结构畸变典型的细胞作显微照相,然后进行核型分析。结果:进行放疗之前,宫颈癌患者与正常人相比,其外周血淋巴细胞染色体有明显的数目异常及结构畸变,两组之间的差异有统计学意义。放疗之后宫颈癌组的染色体数目及结构畸变率显著提升且外周血培养淋巴细胞的分裂相极少。结论:宫颈癌患者外周血淋巴细胞染色体的数目及结构均发生明显的异常,经放射线治疗后,染色体的数目及结构异常与放疗前相比有显著改变,说明放射线虽可杀伤肿瘤细胞,但对正常细胞也有较严重的损伤作用。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between chromosomes and carcinomas of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with cervical cancer and to explore the changes of chromosomes in patients after radiotherapy. Methods: Twenty patients with cervical cancer who had been diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma of cervical squamous cell carcinoma by cervical biopsy and 20 patients who had not received any treatment were selected. Peripheral blood cultures were taken before and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy to observe the chromosomal changes of lymphocytes. In the normal control group, 10 healthy women who had not been exposed to radiation were selected and cultured in peripheral blood. Cervical cancer group and normal control group before and after radiotherapy were selected to analyze the chromosome number and structural aberration of 100 mitotic metaphase cells. In each case, 4-5 chromosomes with well-distributed chromosomes and typical structural aberrations were selected for photomicrography and then karyotype analysis. Results: Before radiotherapy, cervical cancer patients compared with normal people, there are a significant number of peripheral blood lymphocyte chromosome abnormalities and structural aberrations, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Cervical cancer after radiotherapy, the number of chromosomes and structural aberrations increased significantly and the peripheral blood lymphocyte division rarely. Conclusion: There are obvious abnormalities in the number and structure of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with cervical cancer. After radiation therapy, the number and structural abnormalities of chromosomes have significant changes compared with those before radiotherapy, indicating that although radiation can kill tumor cells, Normal cells also have more serious damage.