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目的:观察子痫前期患者体质指数(BMI)增长对妊娠结局的影响。方法:选择行定期产检并分娩的子痫前期396例,根据整个妊娠期BMI增加值分为A组(≤3.5)59例、B组(>3.5且≤5.5)159例、C组(>5.5且≤7.5)125例和D组(>7.5)53例。收集入选病例的临床资料,包括年龄、孕产次、妊娠前体质量、分娩前体质量、终止妊娠方式、妊娠并发症和围生儿并发症等进行统计分析,计算整个妊娠期BMI增加值,比较各组终止妊娠方式及妊娠并发症和围生儿并发症的发生率。结果:(1)A组自然分娩率非常显著高于B组、C组和D组(P<0.01),剖宫产率非常显著低于B组、C组和D组(P<0.01);B组自然分娩率非常显著高于C组和D组(P<0.01),剖宫产率非常显著低于C组和D组(P<0.01);C组自然分娩率、剖宫产率与D组比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)A组早产、胎盘早剥及产后出血的发生率,均非常显著低于C组和D组(P<0.01);与B组比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。B组早产、胎盘早剥及产后出血的发生率,均显著或非常显著低于C组(P<0.05,P<0.01);与D组比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。各组间贫血发生率比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。(3)A组胎儿窘迫、巨大儿及新生儿窒息的发生率,均显著或非常显著低于C组和D组(P<0.05,P<0.01);与B组比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。B组胎儿窘迫、巨大儿及新生儿窒息发生率,均非常显著低于D组(P<0.01);与C组比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:BMI增长过多会增加子痫前期患者不良妊娠结局的发生风险。
Objective: To observe the effect of body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy outcome in preeclampsia. Methods: A total of 396 preeclampsia women who underwent routine check-up and delivery were divided into group A (n = 3.5), group B (> 3.5 and ≤5.5), group C (> 5.5) And ≤7.5) in 125 cases and in group D (> 7.5) in 53 cases. Clinical data of selected cases were collected, including age, pregnancy time, pre-pregnancy weight, birth weight, termination of pregnancy, complications of pregnancy and perinatal complications such as statistical analysis of the calculation of the entire value of BMI during pregnancy, Compare the way of termination of pregnancy and complications of pregnancy and perinatal complications in each group. Results: (1) The rate of natural childbirth in group A was significantly higher than that in group B, C and D (P <0.01). The rate of cesarean section was significantly lower than that in group B, C and D (P <0.01). The rate of spontaneous delivery in group B was significantly higher than that in group C and D (P <0.01), and the rate of cesarean section was significantly lower than that in group C and D (P <0.01). The rate of spontaneous delivery, D group, the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). (2) The incidence of preterm birth, placental abruption and postpartum hemorrhage in group A were significantly lower than those in group C and group D (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between group B and group B (P> 0.05). The incidence of preterm birth, placental abruption and postpartum hemorrhage in group B were significantly or very significantly lower than those in group C (P <0.05, P <0.01). There was no significant difference between group B and group D (P> 0.05). The incidence of anemia among the groups showed no significant difference (P> 0.05). (3) The incidences of fetal distress, macrosomia and neonatal asphyxia in group A were significantly or very significantly lower than those in group C and D (P <0.05, P <0.01), but not significantly different from those in group B P> 0.05). The incidence of fetal distress, macrosomia and neonatal asphyxia in group B were significantly lower than those in group D (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between group B and group C (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Excessive BMI increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with preeclampsia.