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目的探讨民族地区医学生负性生活事件、应对方式对健康的影响。方法应用青少年生活事件量表、自测健康量表和应对方式评定量表对915名医学生进行调查,并利用结构方程模型进行相关分析。结果医学生的总体健康得分为(6.13±2.52)分,3个维度中生理健康得分最高,为(6.86±2.69)分,心理健康得分最低,为(4.76±2.15)分;在过去1年负性生活事件中发生频率最高的是人际关系,频率为69.12%,得分为(3.71±1.82)分,其次是学习压力,频率为60.47%,得分为(3.27±1.14)分;男生在处理人际关系、丧失和健康适应事件上应对方式好于女生,不同民族、年级以及生源和家庭经济状况的医学生在负性生活事件及其应对方式上亦不同;负性生活事件更容易使医学生采取消极应对方式(人际关系β=0.24、受惩罚β=0.11、丧失β=0.09、健康适应β=0.13、其他β=0.06),而消极应对不利于健康(β=0.28)。结论负性生活事件及应对方式对医学生健康有影响,应加强对医学生的相应指导。
Objective To explore the health effects of negative life events and coping styles of medical students in ethnic minority areas. Methods A total of 915 medical students were surveyed by means of adolescent life event scale, self-rated health scale and coping style assessment scale. The structural equation model was used for correlation analysis. Results The overall health score of medical students was (6.13 ± 2.52) points, the highest score of physical health was (6.86 ± 2.69) in 3 dimensions, and the lowest score of mental health was (4.76 ± 2.15). In the past year, negative The frequency of interpersonal relationship was the highest in sexual life events, the frequency was 69.12%, the score was (3.71 ± 1.82) points, followed by learning pressure, the frequency was 60.47%, the score was (3.27 ± 1.14) points; boys deal with interpersonal relationship Medical students whose coping styles are better than girls, people of different nationalities, grades and students and family’s economic status are also different in negative life events and coping styles. Negative life events are more likely to make passive use of medical students Coping style (interpersonal β = 0.24, punished β = 0.11, loss of β = 0.09, fitness adjusted β = 0.13, others β = 0.06), while negative responses were detrimental to health (β = 0.28). Conclusion Negative life events and coping styles have an impact on the health of medical students, and the corresponding guidance to medical students should be strengthened.