圆明园是中国十八至十九世纪的一座举世闻名的宫廷园林,它初建于康熙年间,大规模扩建于乾隆、嘉庆年间,可以说是清代鼎盛时期宫廷园林的—个代表作,它的成就代表着我国后期封建社会造园发展史上的一个高峰,但同时也是终结的标志。所谓“乾嘉盛世”的表面繁荣掩盖着尖锐的阶级矛盾和四伏的经济危机;不久西方殖民主义势力通过两次鸦片战争打开了古老封建锁国的门户。咸丰十年(1860年)英法侵略军焚毁了圆明园,从此以后 Yuanmingyuan was a world-famous court garden from the 18th to the 19th century in China. It was first built in the reign of Emperor Kangxi and was extensively expanded in the years of Emperor Qianlong and Jiaqing. It can be said as a masterpiece of court gardens in the heyday of the Qing Dynasty. Its achievements It represents a peak in the history of the development of the feudal society in the latter part of China, but it is also the sign of the end. The so-called superficial prosperity of the so-called “prosperity of the rich and the poor” masked the sharp class contradictions and the precipitous economic crisis. Soon after, the Western colonial forces opened the door to the ancient feudal lock-up through the Opium War. Xianfeng ten years (1860) British and French troops destroyed the Summer Palace, from then on