一、引言广泛存在于美国人群中的高血压与高脂血症和吸烟一样均为已确定的冠心病主要危险因素。高血压也是动脉粥样硬化血栓性和出血性脑血管的最重要的危险因素。在美国,高血压侵及数以千万计的人口,患病率随年龄而上升。无论男性或女性,黑人患病率比白人高;教育程度低的比教育程度高的患病率高。目前,高血压可以被控制,也可预防其发生。许多资料表明,高血压的预防和控制对主要心血管疾病,其中包括在美国人群中最重要的冠心病有莫 I. INTRODUCTION Hypertension, a common cause of coronary heart disease, has been identified in many U.S. populations as are hyperlipidemia and smoking. Hypertension is also the most important risk factor for atherothrombotic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease. In the United States, high blood pressure intrudes tens of millions of people and the prevalence rises with age. Blacks prevalence is higher in both males and females than in whites; low levels of education have a higher prevalence than higher levels of education. At present, high blood pressure can be controlled, but also prevent its occurrence. Numerous sources indicate that prevention and control of hypertension are associated with major cardiovascular diseases, including the most important coronary heart disease in the U.S. population