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利用Fe314合金粉末在45#钢基体上激光快速成形(LRF)出立体构件,揭示了快速成形的内部层间分布结构,观察了不同成形区域的金相组织,并分析了成形件的力学性能。结果显示,在组织方面,成形体内部各层呈梯子形交错叠加分布,晶体组织以细小致密的等轴晶为主,在底部分布着少量平面晶和粗大柱状晶;在力学性能方面,由于成形体组成相为奥氏体,故整体硬度较低,但塑性、韧性较好。在内部最大残余应力690MPa情况下未出现微裂纹,表明利用Fe314合金粉末激光快速成形的构件具有良好的抗开裂性能。
The rapid solidification (LRF) of 45 # steel substrate by Fe314 alloy powder was used to reveal the internal layer structure of rapid prototyping. The microstructure of different forming regions was observed and the mechanical properties of the formed parts were analyzed. The results show that in the aspect of organization, the inner layers of the molded body are staggered and superimposed in ladder shape. The crystal structure is mainly composed of small and dense equiaxed grains with a small amount of plane and coarse columnar grains distributed at the bottom. In terms of mechanical properties, Body composition phase austenite, so the overall hardness is lower, but the plastic, toughness is better. No microcracks were observed at the maximum internal residual stress of 690 MPa, indicating that the laser rapid prototyping of Fe314 alloy powder has good crack resistance.