汉语中的“人”是上义词,可以有男人、女人等为数众多的下义词。汉语的四字格成语和五、七言诗句等固定结构有使用上义词“人”代替下义词的传统。从语义和语法的视角可以看到这种现象极其复杂。从汉语的单音节使用传统、汉语固定结构对于语言使用的束缚、词汇衔接、最省力原则和关联准则的维度分析,可以发现这种上义词的使用利弊兼有。 Chinese “people” is the upper meaning of the word, there can be men, women, etc. A large number of under the synonyms. Chinese four-character idioms and five, seven-character poem and other fixed structures have the use of the upper meaning of the word “people ” instead of the lower one. Seen from the perspective of semantics and grammar, this phenomenon is extremely complicated. From the traditional use of Chinese monosyllabic syllabuses and the fixed structure of Chinese language, the analysis of the use of language, the coherence of lexical cohesion, the principle of least effort and the analysis of the dimensionality of the association criterion shows that there are advantages and disadvantages to the use of such meaning words.