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众所周知,植物对植食性昆虫危害的反应表现在3个方面:直接防御,间接防御,和耐害性。直接防御是指植物自身所具有的能影响寄主植物感虫性的所有特性。植物对昆虫危害的直接防御包括:限制食物供给,降低营养价值,减少偏嗜程度,破坏组织结构和抑制害虫代谢途径。目前已知的防御化合物主要包括植物次生代谢物质、昆虫消化酶(蛋白)抑制剂、蛋白酶、凝集素、氨基酸脱氨酶和氧化酶。植物在防御某种昆虫为害时多个因素往往具有累加效应或协同作用,并且对一种昆虫起主导作用的因素在防御另一种昆虫时可能仅仅起次要作用甚至根本不起作用。因此,对寄主植物基因表达、蛋白水平和活性以及代谢物含量在不同时空条件下进行广泛的定量和定性的高通量分析,不仅可以促进对植物直接防御机制的全面理解,而且有助于在农业生产中加快对作物抗性的特定靶标的鉴定。
It is well known that the response of plants to phytophagous insects manifests itself in three aspects: direct defense, indirect defense, and resistance. Direct defense refers to all the characteristics of the plant itself that can affect the host plant susceptibility to insects. Direct defense of plants against insect hazards include: limiting food supply, reducing nutritional value, reducing the degree of preference, disrupting tissue structure and inhibiting pest metabolic pathways. Currently known defense compounds mainly include plant secondary metabolites, insect digestive enzyme (protein) inhibitors, proteases, lectins, amino acid deaminase and oxidase. Plants often have additive or synergistic effects in defense against an insect, and the predominant factor on one insect may or may not even play a role in defending another insect. Therefore, extensive quantitative and qualitative high-throughput analysis of host plant gene expression, protein levels and activities, and metabolite content under different spatiotemporal conditions not only contributes to a full understanding of the plant’s direct defense mechanisms, but also contributes to Identification of Specific Targets to Accelerate Crop Resistance in Agricultural Production.