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比较基因组杂交(comparative genomic hybridization,CGH)是1992年建立起来的重大分子细胞遗传学分析技术,它在对整个基因组DNA拷贝数变异的检测方面是一种有效的方法。通过CGH检测,可找出染色体DNA拷贝数的变异特点,即基因拷贝数的扩增或丢失,从而确定相关的癌基因和抑癌基因所在的区域,为探讨肿瘤的发病机制提供依据。在过去的十几年中,用CGH对各种软组织肿瘤进行研究,已探测到了各种各样的有不同程度特异性的基因组的不平衡性,不仅开辟了探测各种癌症相关基因的新途径,并且找到了一些与临床相关的基因改变,可用于肿瘤的发生、发展、鉴别诊断、预后以及治疗等研究。
Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), a major molecular cytogenetic analysis technique established in 1992, is an effective method to detect the copy number variation of the entire genomic DNA. By CGH detection, we can find out the variation characteristics of copy number of chromosomal DNA, that is, amplification or loss of gene copy number, so as to determine the region of related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, so as to provide basis for exploring the pathogenesis of tumors. In the past decade or so, the study of various soft tissue tumors using CGH has detected a wide range of genomic imbalances with varying degrees of specificity, not only opening new avenues for detecting various cancer-related genes , And found a number of clinically relevant genetic changes, can be used for tumor occurrence, development, differential diagnosis, prognosis and treatment research.