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目的探讨不同职业人群应对方式和社会支持情况及两者关系。方法用特质应对方式问卷和领悟社会支持量对教师、职工、农民、干部4个职业人群共1753例作调查分析。结果农民的积极应对较其他职业低,消极应对较其他职高,干部则正好相反;教师相对于其他职业人群感受到更多的家庭外支持,各职业人群的家庭内支持无明显差异;4个不职业人群的社会支持与积极应对方式均显著相关,而消极应对与社会支持相关性不是很显著。结论应对方式和社会支在不同的职业人群中各有特点,且在不同的人群中两者的相互影响是不同的,说明应激相关因素的作用是多途径的。
Objective To explore the coping styles and social support of different occupational groups and their relationship. Methods A total of 1753 cases of teachers, workers, peasants and cadres in 4 occupational groups were surveyed by means of trait questionnaires and perceived social support. As a result, the farmer’s positive response was lower than that of other occupations, and the negative response was more negative than that of other senior staff and cadres. Teachers felt more out-of-home support than other occupational groups, and no significant difference was found in the intra-household support among occupational groups. The social support and active coping styles of occupational groups are significantly related, while the correlation between negative coping and social support is not significant. Conclusion Coping styles and social support have different characteristics in different occupational groups, and the interaction between the two groups is different in different populations, indicating that the effect of stress-related factors is multi-channel.