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随着和谐社会的建设,介于城市居民与乡村农民之间的社会特殊群体“农民工”能否融入到其所服务的城市中去,逐渐成为社会各界的关注热点。作为东北老工业基地中心城市之一的哈尔滨,制造业农民工是一个不容忽视的群体。通过从经济、社会、心理三个层面对哈尔滨市制造业农民工城市适应现状进行分析,归纳出制造业农民工城市适应状况的特点和制约农民工适应城市生活的障碍主要表现为生活条件差、就业服务缺失、社会保障程度低、归属感不明确和自卑心理过重。促进农民工适应城市生活的思路和对策在于:加快户籍制度改革、加强农民工住房保障制度建设、完善社会保障制度、完善农民工就业服务体系和发展继续教育。
With the building of a harmonious society, the special social group “peasant workers” between urban residents and rural peasants can be integrated into the cities they serve and become the focus of attention from all walks of life. As one of the central cities of northeast old industrial base in Harbin, manufacturing migrant workers is a group that can not be ignored. By analyzing the status quo of urban adaptation of manufacturing peasant workers in Harbin from three aspects of economy, society and psychology, the characteristics of adaptation status of peasant workers in manufacturing industries and the obstacles to peasant workers’ adaptation to urban life are summarized as the poor living conditions, Lack of employment service, low level of social security, insecure sense of belonging and low self-esteem. The ideas and countermeasures to promote the adaptation of migrant workers to urban life lie in accelerating the reform of the household registration system, strengthening the housing security system for migrant workers, improving the social security system, improving the employment service system for migrant workers and developing continuing education.