microRNA(miRNA)是长度为21-25个核苷酸的非编码小RNA,miRNA与靶RNA的3′UTR碱基配对,通过转录后水平对基因表达的负调控,抑制mRNA翻译或直接使其降解。某些miRNA可以通过靶向E2F、cycling、Cdk、CKI等调节因子,调节细胞周期以及中心体的复制,进而影响基因组的稳定性,最终促进或抑制肿瘤的发生。 MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs 21 to 25 nucleotides in length. Base pairs of the 3 ’UTRs of a target RNA with a miRNA are negatively regulated by gene expression at the post-transcriptional level to inhibit mRNA translation or directly degradation. Some miRNAs can regulate the cell cycle and centrosome replication by targeting regulatory factors such as E2F, cycling, Cdk, and CKI, thereby affecting the stability of the genome and ultimately promoting or inhibiting tumorigenesis.