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以仿刺参幼参(Apostichopus japonicus)为研究对象,采用发酵法培养生物絮团,在室内塑料水槽中进行为期30 d的幼参培育实验。选择蔗糖作为碳源,并设置饵料替代(0、10%、15%和20%共计4个梯度)和换水频次(3 d/次和7 d/次两种)正交实验,分析其对幼参生长、成活及其体内消化酶、免疫性酶活性和可溶性蛋白含量的影响,为生物絮团培育幼参技术确定最佳投饵量和换水频次等参数提供依据。结果表明,实验期间处理组淀粉酶(AMS)活性总体均高于对照组,生物絮团可以提高幼参淀粉酶活性;第15天时,每3 d换水1次并替代15%饵料的处理组幼参体壁中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD,32.9 U/mg prot)及碱性磷酸酶(AKP,146.8 U/g prot)活性高于其他3组和对照组(P<0.05);而每7 d换水1次且替代20%饵料组SOD(35.3 U/mg prot)及AKP酶活性(158.8 U/g prot)均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。第30天时,每7 d换水1次且替代10%饵料组幼参淀粉酶和SOD活性均比15 d有所升高,尤其AKP活性明显升高;其特定生长率(4.12%/d)与成活率(98.9%)均最高。每7 d换水1次且替代15%饵料组体壁中可溶性蛋白含量(10.9 mg/g)最高,均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);但与替代10%饵料组(9.3 mg/g)差异不显著。而每3 d换水1次且替代20%饵料组幼参成活率(91.8%)最低,其可溶性蛋白含量与其他3组和对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。适当降低换水频次和减少投饵量适于生物絮团系统中幼参的生长、存活与可溶性蛋白质积累。
Taking Apostichopus japonicus as the research object, the bioflocculant was cultured by fermentation, and the experiment of 30-day-long ginseng culture was carried out in an indoor plastic sink. Sucrose was selected as the carbon source, and feed conversion (0, 10%, 15% and 20%, totaling 4 gradients) and changing water frequency (3 d / time and 7 d / time) The growth and survival of the juvenile ginseng, the digestive enzymes, the activity of the immune enzymes and the content of soluble protein in the ginseng to provide the basis for determining the optimal feeding amount and changing the frequency of water supply. The results showed that during the experiment, the activity of amylase (AMS) in treatment group was higher than that in control group. The bioflocs could increase the activity of amylase in the juveniles. On the 15th day, the AMS was changed every 3 days and replaced with 15% The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, 32.9 U / mg prot) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP, 146.8 U / g prot) in the wall of the cubes were higher than those in the other three groups and the control group (P <0.05) d for water change and 35% U / mg prot for SOD and 158.8 U / g prot for 20% replacement food group were significantly higher than those of control group (P <0.05). On the 30th day, the activity of amylase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the juvenile root of the 10-day-old fish was changed every 7 days and the activity of AKP was higher than that of the 15th day (especially 4.12% / d) And survival rate (98.9%) were the highest. The highest content of soluble protein (10.9 mg / g) in the wall of the substitute 15% diet group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05) g) The difference is not significant. The change of water every 3 days and the survival rate of juveniles instead of 20% bait group was the lowest (91.8%). The soluble protein content was not significantly different from the other three groups and the control group (P> 0.05). Appropriate to reduce the frequency of water change and reduce the amount of feeding suitable for biological flocs in the system of ginseng growth, survival and soluble protein accumulation.