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主体的认知活动总在某种状态中进行,获得的知识通常不都是完全可靠的,所以由此形成的知识库是概率型的,即主体根据证据命题对假设命题的可靠程度给出一个相信度。这样的知识库可以看作是主体的相信集。合乎理性的主体的相信集可以抽象为一种二元概率映射。主体随着认知状态的转换要对相信集进行合理的修正,由此产生概率映射之间的一种相信修正关系。为了把握认知命题,主体有一个期望范围,即主体预设的潜在认知空间。在这样的空间中,主体根据他的当前相信集和相信修正关系,得到一个现实认知空间。根据这样的现实认知空间,我们可以定义认知算子“知”的语义,从而描述主体根据证据命题在多大程度上相信他自己已知一个命题。由此我们从认识论的角度提出一种关系概率语义。这种语义可以描述主体的主观知识以及由此产生的认知规律。相信修正关系的不同性质描述不同的认知规律,从而对应不同的认知系统。通过比较相信修正关系的性质,我们知道哪个认知系统是恰当的。
The cognitive activity of the subject is always carried out in a certain state, and the acquired knowledge is not always completely reliable. Therefore, the resulting knowledge base is of a probabilistic type, that is, the subject gives one according to the reliability of the proposition Believe degrees. Such knowledge base can be regarded as the main beliefs set. The belief set of a rational subject can be abstracted as a binary probability map. The main body with the cognitive state of the conversion to the belief set to make a reasonable correction, resulting in a probabilistic mapping between the probability of correction. In order to grasp the cognitive proposition, the subject has a range of expectation, that is, the potential cognitive space preset by the subject. In such a space, the subject obtains a realistic cognitive space based on his current beliefs and belief in the revision of relations. According to such a realistic cognitive space, we can define the semantics of the “knowing” of the cognitive operator and thus describe the extent to which the subject believes a known proposition according to the proposition of evidence. Therefore, we propose a kind of relational probability semantics from the perspective of epistemology. This semantics can describe the subject’s subjective knowledge and the resulting cognitive rules. Believing that the different nature of the correctional relationship depict different cognitive laws and thus correspond to different cognitive systems. By comparing the nature of the belief correction, we know which cognitive system is appropriate.