就其自身的品格来讲,文学的堕落几乎是不可避免的,或者说已经是一种历史事实;而堕落的文学却很可能是自愿选择的。 在人类社会中,我们今天惯常所说的文学其实并不象教科书中写的那么长。人们在赞叹文学的古代辉煌时,往往没有想到他所说的“文学”究竟指什么,就象艺术史一样,当我们讲起古希腊雕塑时,很少有人想到,那些雕塑在当时可能根本不是作为艺术来对待的。从发生的角度来讲,文学也有一个产生和独立的过程,这个过程的一大特征就在于,文学本来就是由某种堕落而生成的。 中国文学是从学问中剥离出来的,而欧洲文学则是从宗教中剥离出来的。中国文人历来就都是文学家,因为今天我们对 In its own character, the fall of literature is almost inevitable, or is already a historical fact; while the fallen literature is likely to be a voluntary choice. In human society, the literaryities that we are accustomed to saying today are not actually as long as those written in textbooks. When praising the ancient glory of literature, people often do not think what he refers to as “literature”, just like the history of art. When we talk about ancient Greek sculptures, very few people think that those sculptures may not be as Art to treat. From the point of view of occurrence, literature also has a process of emergence and independence. A major feature of this process is that literature has always been created by some kind of depravity. Chinese literature is stripped of its learning, while European literature is stripped of religion. Chinese literati have always been writers, because today we are right