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目前,水电站厂内经济运行的实际应用在中小型水电站上取得了较好的成效,而在巨型水电站上却缺乏深入的研究。以瀑布沟水电站(发电容量3 600 MW)为研究实例,根据巨型电站的实际生产运行情况,充分考虑了其所担负的电网调峰、调频的任务,增加了避免机组出力大面积转移的约束条件;以水电站耗水量最小为目标,建立了准实时优化分配的数学模型,采用改进的时间-空间动态规划算法进行求解。计算结果显示瀑布沟电厂日发电耗水率由2.652 m3/(kW×h)下至降2.585 m3/(k W×h);厂内经济运行可将经济效益提高近2.5%;平均计算耗时0.168 s。与采用遗传算法(genetic algorithm,GA)计算所得结果对比表明,该模型求解精度高,运算速度快,有较强工程实用价值,是一种提高巨型水电站水能利用率和发电效益的有效方法。
At present, the practical application of the economic operation of the hydropower plant in the plant has achieved good results in the small and medium-sized hydropower stations, but there is no thorough research on the giant hydropower stations. Taking Pubugou Hydropower Station (generating capacity of 3 600 MW) as an example, according to the actual production and operation conditions of the giant power station, the tasks of peak regulation and frequency regulation of the power grid are fully taken into account and the constraints of avoiding the large-scale transfer of unit output are increased Taking the minimum water consumption of hydropower station as a target, a mathematical model of quasi-real-time optimal allocation was established, and the improved time-space dynamic programming algorithm was used to solve the problem. The calculation results show that the water consumption rate of power generation in Pubugou Power Plant decreases from 2.652 m3 / (kW × h) to 2.585 m3 / (kWh / h). The economic efficiency of the plant can be increased by nearly 2.5% 0.168 s. Compared with the results calculated by genetic algorithm (GA), it shows that the model has high solution accuracy, fast calculation speed and strong engineering practical value, which is an effective method to improve the hydropower utilization rate and power generation benefit of mega hydropower station.