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农业生产的本质是物质循环和能量转化的过程。人类要想合理地利用自然,获得高产、优质、低消耗的农业生态结构,必须进行物质循环和能量转化的研究。关于物质循环的研究国外开展较早。通过农田养分收支平衡的估算,为改进施肥措施和进行合理的作物布局提供了科学依据,取得了较好效果。1976年,在荷兰Amsterdam首次召开了农田生态系统中矿质营养元素循环的国际会议,会上发表了65个国家或地区不同类型农业生态系统中养分循环平衡的文章。这方面的研究工作目前正在不断深入中。
The essence of agricultural production is the process of material circulation and energy conversion. In order to make rational use of nature and obtain the agro-ecological structure with high yield, high quality and low consumption, human beings must carry out researches on material circulation and energy conversion. Research on the material cycle carried out earlier abroad. Through the estimation of farmland nutrient balance, it provides a scientific basis for improving fertilization and reasonable crop layout and has achieved good results. In 1976, the first international conference on mineral nutrient cycling in agro-ecosystems was held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where an article circulated on nutrient cycling in different types of agro-ecosystems in 65 countries. Research work in this area is currently under continuous progress.