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目的：观察变应性鼻炎（ allergic rhinitis，AR）大鼠鼻黏膜上皮细胞线粒体的改变及时相特点和18β-甘草次酸对线粒体病理改变的影响。方法将96只Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、氯雷他定组、甘草次酸组。卵清蛋白（ ovalbumin，OVA）致敏建立大鼠AR模型。建模成功后给药干预，并分别于给药2、4、6、10周比较各组电镜下鼻黏膜上皮细胞线粒体的改变。结果 AR模型组见线粒体数量增多、体嵴消失、肿胀、空泡化及自噬体存在，且在变应原持续作用下，模型组鼻黏膜上皮细胞线粒体上述损害呈进行性加重。而甘草次酸干预组线粒体在增多的数量、体嵴减少、肿胀、空泡化及自噬体出现均较模型组好转，并随观察周期延长基本接近空白对照组。结论持续变应原刺激下的鼻黏膜上皮细胞线粒体呈进行性损害，18β-甘草次酸可抑制鼻黏膜上皮细胞线粒体的病理损害。“,”Objective To observe the mitochondria dynamic changes of nasal mucosa epithelial cells in rats with aller-gic rhinitis and the influence of 18 β-glycyrrhetinic acid on them.Methods Ninety-six Wistar rats were randomly di-vided into 4 groups: the normal group, the model group, the loratadine group and the glycyrrhetinic acid group.AR models were established by ovalbumin and each group was respectively treated subsequently.After 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks and 10 weeks, the ultrastructure changes were observed and compared.Results Mitochondria in the model group showed that the number of Mitochondria increased, crest disappeared, volume swelled or even cavitated and auto-phagy could be found.With persistent allergen exposure,the morphological changes aggravated gradually in the model group,meanwhile the changes in the glycyrrhetinic acid group( mentioned above in the model group) were improved and the mitochondria were much closer to the normal group with the extension of observation.Conclusion Mitochondria ultrastructure changes of nasal mucosa ciliated epithelial cells in the rat with AR exacerbated gradually due to persistent exposure to allergen and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid is effective to relieve the mitochondria ultrastructure changes.