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优化匹配出口阻抗是热声制冷机获得最佳性能的关键点之一。本文提出了一种电机调相式热声制冷机方案,它利用直线发电机提供热声制冷机高效工作所需的相位,同时回收制冷机出口膨胀功并转换成电能,提高整机效率。与现有技术相比,本方案的热声制冷机具有制冷效率较高、结构简单的优点,适用于冷量比较大、制冷温度较高、膨胀功相对较多的情形。此外,还可满足热驱动热声冷电联产的应用需求。本文基于经典热声理论,先计算分析了直线发电机入口阻抗、制冷机入口压比对制冷性能的影响。在此基础上搭建实验台进行了初步实验,在平均压力3 MPa、工作频率55 Hz下,获得了110 K制冷量158.3 W,制冷机相对卡诺效率为16.1%,将回收的电功计入后整机效率达到了31.4%。
Optimizing the matching outlet impedance is one of the key points for thermoacoustic chillers to get the best performance. In this paper, a motor phased thermoacoustic refrigerator scheme is proposed, which utilizes a linear generator to provide the phase required for efficient operation of the thermoacoustic refrigerator and at the same time recovers the expansion work at the outlet of the refrigerator and converts it into electrical energy to improve the overall efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the thermoacoustic refrigerator of the invention has the advantages of higher refrigeration efficiency and simple structure, and is suitable for the situations that the cooling capacity is relatively large, the refrigeration temperature is relatively high, and the expansion work is relatively large. In addition, it also meets the application requirements of thermoacoustic cogeneration. Based on classical thermoacoustic theory, this paper calculates and analyzes the influence of inlet impedance and inlet pressure ratio of the linear generator on the refrigeration performance. On the basis of this, a preliminary experiment was set up. The average cooling rate was 158.3 W with the average pressure of 3 MPa and operating frequency of 55 Hz, and the relative Carnot efficiency of the refrigerator was 16.1% After the machine efficiency reached 31.4%.