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本文以我国粮棉生产基地县安徽涡阳为例，对当前市场转型过程中农业现代化建设的若干问题进行了探讨。实际调查表明：农民发挥农业现代化建设的主体作用是模糊的，农民不具备商品生产者的独立地位；由于政府的不规范行为，宏观调控措施不力，导致农民负担有增无减、农民积极性无法提高两大难题；实践中，一靠政策、二靠科技、三靠投入没有真正落实，成为农业现代化建设的限制因素。借鉴先进的典型和经验，今后涡阳县农业现代化的建设要以保农兴农、富裕农田、繁荣市场、全面振兴为目标，加快传统农业的改造步伐。
This paper takes Guoyang in Anhui Province as the base of grain and cotton production in our country as an example to discuss some problems of agricultural modernization in the current market transformation. The actual investigation shows that the main role of peasants in the modernization of agriculture is vague. Peasants do not have the independent status of commodity producers. Due to the irregular behavior of the government and the weak macroeconomic control measures, the peasants ’burden will not increase and peasants’ enthusiasm will not increase Two major problems; in practice, one by policy, the second rely on science and technology, three inputs did not really implement, become the limiting factor of agricultural modernization. Drawing lessons from advanced models and experiences, in the future, the construction of Guoyang County’s agricultural modernization should speed up the transformation of traditional agriculture with the goal of ensuring agriculture and farming, enriching farmland, boosting the market and rejuvenating the entire area.