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随着信息安全法律体系的不断完善,某些保障信息安全的法律条款或政府行为不可避免地与信息自由理念发生冲突。在美国众多维护信息安全的法案中,《信息自由法案》影响深远,《爱国者法案》争议最多。本文通过分析有关《信息自由法案》的法院判例发现,最高法院在保护敏感信息、注重信息安全的同时,支持信息自由的观点仍然存在。针对《爱国者法案》中的某些敏感条款,反对者的声音明显压过支持者,联邦政府承受着多方压力。
With the continuous improvement of the legal system of information security, certain legal provisions or government actions that guarantee information security inevitably conflict with the concept of freedom of information. Among the many bills that safeguard information security in the United States, the Freedom of Information Act has far-reaching effects. The Patriot Act has the most controversies. By analyzing the court cases concerning the Freedom of Information Act, this article finds that the Supreme Court still supports the freedom of information while protecting sensitive information and emphasizing information security. Against some sensitive clauses in the Patriot Act, the voices of the opponents clearly overwhelm the supporters and the federal government is under pressure from many.